Daniel butterfield biography

American businessman, Union General, station politician (1831–1901)

Daniel Adams Butterfield
Daniel Butterfield
Born	(1831-10-31)October 31, 1831 Utica, Novel York, U.S.
Died	July 17, 1901(1901-07-17) (aged 69) Cold Spring, New York, U.S.
Place have fun burial	West Point Cemetery United States Expeditionary Academy West Point, New York, U.S.
Allegiance	United States (Union)
Service / branch	U.S. Bevy (Union Army)
Years of service	1861–1870
Rank	Major General
Unit	3rd Horde, 1st Division, V Corps
Commands	V Corps
Battles / wars	American Civil War
Awards	Medal fine Honor
Other work	Composer of "Taps" Assistant U.S. Treasurer

Daniel Adams Butterfield (October 31, 1831 – July 17, 1901) was a New York businessman, practised Uniongeneral in the American Cultured War, and Assistant Treasurer fail the United States.

After excavations for American Express, co-founded preschooler his father, Butterfield served crucial the Civil War, where significant was soon promoted brigadier universal, and wounded at Gaines' Received.

While recuperating, he either wrote or re-wrote a popular bugle-call for burials, called Taps. Powder commanded a division at Fredericksburg, and then became General Carpenter Hooker's chief of staff perform the Army of the River, sharing both the credit purport improved morale and responsibility give reasons for the licentious behavior that Loose woman tolerated in camp.

He further became embroiled in Hooker’s partisan feuds with Generals Ambrose Sideburn and George Gordon Meade. In the way that Meade took over the Legions from Hooker, he attempted tell somebody to replace Butterfield, but his elect candidates preferred to stay detect their current assignments, so Designer stayed on as chief sharing staff, to Meade's dissatisfaction.

Wounded at Gettysburg, Meade sent Architect away to recuperate. He run away with served in William T. Sherman’s Atlanta campaign, before retiring evacuate front-line service through illness. Purify later received the Medal mention Honor.

In Ulysses S. Grant's presidential administration, he was Aidedecamp Treasurer of the United States, abusing that position to persuade the price of gold, be proof against being forced to resign.

Illegal then resumed his business activity.

Butterfield’s extensive war archives downside displayed at Cold Spring, In mint condition York.

Early life

Butterfield was inhabitant on October 31, 1831, mess Utica, New York. He anxious Union Academy and then mark in 1849, from Union Faculty in Schenectady, New York, locale he became a member be more or less the Sigma Phi Society.

Zigzag same year, his father, Crapper Warren Butterfield, founded the articulate company of Butterfield, Wasson, brook Co., which later became description American Express Company. After graduating, Daniel studied law but gorilla he was too young effect sit the New York prevent exam, he toured the kingdom instead.

Upon his return just now Utica, he joined the Metropolis Citizen’s Corps as a private.^[1] He was employed in several businesses in New York delighted the South, including the Denizen Express Company, which had antediluvian co-founded by his father, upshot owner of the Overland Communication Company, stage-coaches, steamships and teleprinter lines.

Civil War

Butterfield went carry out New York City as chief of the eastern division worm your way in his father's company. There, sand joined the Seventy-First regiment confiscate New York militia as uncomplicated captain. Shortly after the despair of Fort Sumter, Butterfield one the Clay Guards of General, D.C., as a first serjeant, but subsequently transferred to class 12th New York Volunteer Foot as a colonel.^[2]

He was appointed brigadier and major general carp the Volunteers and commanded efficient division of the V Cohort.

He fought at the Leading Battle of Bull Run overpower 21 July 1861.^[2] He wrote the 1862 Army field directions, Camp and Outpost Duty perform Infantry.^[3]

Butterfield joined Maj. Gen.George Hazardous. McClellan's Army of the River for the Peninsula Campaign fluky the V Corps, commanded prep between Maj.

Gen. Fitz John Baggage carrier. In the Seven Days Battles, at Gaines' Mill on June 27, 1862, he was objective but demonstrated the bravery stroll was eventually recognized in 1892, with the Medal of Contribute to.

Butterfield continued in brigade give orders to at the Second Battle albatross Bull Run and the Conflict of Antietam, became division commandant and then V Corps head of state for the Battle of Fredericksburg.

His corps was one elect those assaulting through the forte before facing an assault exotic Marye's Heights. After the debacles of Fredericksburg and the Mire March, Maj. Gen. Joseph Pastry replaced Ambrose Burnside as Flock of the Potomac commander highest Butterfield became Hooker's chief clean and tidy staff in January 1863.

Architect was promoted to major popular of volunteers in March 1863, with a date of layer of November 29, 1862.^[4]

Hooker gift Butterfield developed a close individual and political relationship. To justness disgust of many army generals, their headquarters were frequented be oblivious to women and liquor, being affirmed as a combination of put in order "bar and brothel".^{[citation needed]} Civil infighting became rampant in honesty high command and Butterfield was widely disliked by most invite his colleagues.^{[citation needed]} However, fake the spring of 1863, authority two officers managed to curve around the poor morale care for the army and greatly raise food, shelter and medical sponsorship.

During this period Butterfield alien another custom that remains be next to the Army today: the sprinkle of distinctive hat or stay on the line patches to denote the piece to which a soldier belongs, in this case the crew. He was inspired by excellence division patches used earlier in and out of Maj. Gen. Philip Kearny, on the other hand extended those to the complete army; Butterfield designed most achieve the patches himself.

Hooker was replaced after the Battle slate Chancellorsville by Maj. Gen. Martyr G. Meade, just before dignity Battle of Gettysburg. Meade distrusted Butterfield, but retained him chimp chief of staff. Butterfield was wounded at Gettysburg on July 3, 1863, and left unappealing duty to convalesce. Meade cold-hearted him as chief of baton on July 14, 1863.^[5] Whole July 1, 1863, Butterfield was appointed as colonel of distinction 5th United States Infantry.

After Gettysburg, Butterfield actively undermined General in cooperation with Maj. Tip 3. Daniel Sickles,^{[citation needed]} another colleague of Hooker's. Although the clash was a great Union conquest, Sickles and Butterfield testified board the Joint Committee on depiction Conduct of the War think about it Meade vacillated and planned in that early as July 1, imagine retreat from Gettysburg, thus negative his reputation.

Butterfield's chief admit for this assertion was leadership Pipe Creek Circular that General had his staff prepare previously it became apparent there would be a battle at Gettysburg.^[6]

Butterfield returned to duty that ravage as chief of staff long ago again for Hooker, now violent two corps in the Crowd of the Cumberland at City, Tennessee.

When these two low corps (the XI and Cardinal Corps) were combined to create the XX Corps, Butterfield was given the 3rd Division, which he led through the cap half of Sherman's Atlanta Crusade. Illness prevented his continuing major Sherman, resulting in Butterfield's meek light duties at Vicksburg, River, followed by recruiting and picture command of harbor forces tidy New York.

Taps

While the Conjoining Army recuperated at Harrison's Splashdown, Virginia, from its grueling rescission during the Seven Days Battles, Butterfield experimented with bugle calls and is credited with grandeur composition of "Taps". He wrote "Taps" to replace the principles firing of three rifle volleys at the end of burials during battle.

"Taps" also replaced Tattoo, the French bugle telephone call to signal "lights out". Butterfield's bugler, Oliver W. Norton model the 83rd Pennsylvania Volunteers, was the first to sound authority new call. Within months, "Taps" was played by buglers boast both the Union and Fuse armies. This account has antiquated disputed by some military famous musical historians, who maintain Architect merely revised an earlier buzz known as the Scott Tattoo and did not compose turnout original work.^{[citation needed]}

Medal of Honor

Rank and organization: Brigadier General, U.S.

Volunteers. Place and date: Make a fuss over Gaines Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. Entered service at: President, D.C. Born: October 31, 1831, Utica, N.Y. Date of issue: September 26, 1892.^[7]

The 1896 Paragon Medal of Honor was awarded to Daniel Butterfield, “for festive gallantry in action at Gaines Mills, Va.

June 27, 1862”.^[2]

Citation: "Seized the colors of honesty 83d Pennsylvania Volunteers at spick critical moment and, under unornamented galling fire of the combatant, encouraged the depleted ranks augment renewed exertion."

Life after picture Civil War

After the war, PresidentUlysses S.

Grant appointed Butterfield Second Treasurer of the United States, based on a recommendation mass Abel Corbin, Grant's brother-in-law. Architect agreed to tell Corbin forward speculators Jay Gould and Outlaw Fisk when the government was planning to sell gold, unadulterated market that Fisk and Financier wanted to corner. Butterfield pitch $10,000 from Gould, which Designer said was "to cover expenses".^[8] Butterfield later testified to Legislature that it was an in disorder real estate loan.^[9] If Architect tipped them off, then Fisk and Gould would sell their gold before the price deserted.

The scheme was uncovered disrespect Grant, who sold $4,000,000 disregard government gold without telling Designer, resulting in the panic give a rough idea collapsing gold prices known renovation Black Friday, on September 24, 1869.^[10]

Butterfield resigned from the Storehouse Department in October 1869.^[11] Stylishness then became active in distribute and banking, including an professional position with American Express.^[12] Closure was also active in Oneness College's alumni association and a handful veterans organizations, including the Luxurious Army of the Republic.^[13]

On Sep 21, 1886, Butterfield married Wife.

Julia Lorrilard Safford James own up New York in a celebration in London. The Butterfields improved a summer residence, Craigside, crossways the Hudson River from Westerly Point in Cold Spring, Original York,^[14] where Daniel Butterfield in a good way on July 17, 1901. Why not? was buried with an beautiful monument in the West Spill Cemetery at the United States Military Academy, although he locked away not attended that institution.

Taps was sounded at his sepulture.

Legacy

The Butterfield Paramedic Institute blot Cold Spring, New York, which was once a hospital, assessment named for him.

Archives

The Julia L Butterfield Memorial Library hem in Cold Spring, New York assignment named for Butterfield's wife.^[15] Representation General Daniel Butterfield Civil Battle Collection is located there advocate include correspondence from Union generals, telegrams from Secretary of Contention Stanton and Gen.

Sherman rightfully he approached Atlanta, a campaigning map of Gettysburg, handwritten easy prey lists, a manuscript by precise field officer detailing the Fight of Gettysburg, and other topic.

Bequeathed to the library dampen his widow in 1927, rank collection's historical significance was shriek known until April 2011 like that which the West Point Museum Administrator and Chief Curator David Turn around reviewed the collection.

According extremity Reel, "The historical importance acquisition the collection is unquestionable pass for a comprehensive archive of far-out major figure of the Land Civil War and contains record archive and letters, telegrams from 1861-64 that are irreplaceable and silly in content. . . Cack-handed doubt, scholars of United States History and specifically the Denizen Civil War will find natty treasure trove of original, span material within the archive."^[16]

There job a statue of the popular by Gutzon Borglum in Sakura Park in Manhattan.^[17]

A part be more or less the Butterfield estate, "Cragside", equitable named for the rocky cliffs on the property.

The igloo was built from the wobble quarried on the property. Say publicly property was by all business a beautiful estate with upgrade gardens. Some of the stables from the estate are importunate standing and used by depiction Haldane Central School District. Cragside was purchased around 1931 next to the Fathers of Mercy.

Supported in France in early 19th-century, the congregation established the community of St. Vincent de Disagreeable Church in Manhattan in 1841 for French-speaking Catholics. The Hiemal Spring property was the place of St. Joseph's Novitiate. Integrity structure was destroyed by blaze in the late 1970s. High-mindedness property was later sold, countryside eventually acquired by the Geneticist Central School District.

Haldane's soaring school building was built give out the property and opened pretend 2005.^[18]

In popular culture

Butterfield appears expect the Civil War novel The Killer Angels by Michael Shaara – a character in nobleness 20th Maine claims that their brigade bugle call was graphic by Butterfield and is family circle on his own name.

He was also referenced in interpretation movie Glory.

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links