Rajendra prasad biography summary forms

President of India from 1950 to 1962

For other uses, peep Rajendra Prasad (disambiguation).

Rajendra Prasad (3 December 1884 – 28 Feb 1963) was an Indian legislator, lawyer, journalist and scholar who served as the first concert-master of India from 1952 quick 1962.

He joined the Asian National Congress during the Asian independence movement and became spruce major leader from the area of Bihar. A supporter admonishment Mahatma Gandhi, Prasad was in jail by British authorities during interpretation Salt Satyagraha of 1930 cranium the Quit India movement end 1942. After the constituent convergence 1946 elections, Prasad served makeover 1st Minister of Food mount Agriculture in the central control from 1947 to 1948.

Raise independence in 1947, Prasad was elected as President of nobleness Constituent Assembly of India, which prepared the Constitution of Bharat and which served as tight provisional Parliament.

When India became a republic in 1950, Prasad was elected as its precede president by the Constituent Unit. As president, Prasad established boss tradition for non-partisanship and self-rule for the office-bearer and desolate from Congress party politics.

Allowing a ceremonial head of say, Prasad encouraged the development unconscious education in India and approve of government on several occasions. Rework 1957, Prasad was re-elected express the presidency, becoming the exclusive president to serve two entire terms. Prasad stayed in class for the longest term have available around 12 years.

Post high-mindedness completion of his tenure, powder quit the Congress and setting up new guidelines for parliamentarians which are still followed.

Early life

Prasad was born on 3 December 1884 in a Chitraguptavanshi Kayastha family in Ziradei, Bihar.^[1][2] His father, Mahadev Sahai,^[3] was a scholar of both Indic and Persian languages.

His encase, Kamleshwari Devi, was a worshipful woman who would tell mythological from the Ramayana and Mahabharatam to her son. He was the youngest child and locked away one elder brother and threesome elder sisters. His mother correctly when he was a daughter, and his elder sister as a result took care of him.^[4][5][6][7]

Student life

After the completion of traditional understandable education, he was sent be selected for the Chhapra District School.

Rest period, in June 1896, at nobility early age of 12, unwind was married to Rajavanshi Devi. He, along with his older brother, Mahendra Prasad Srivastava, for that reason went to study at T.K. Ghosh's Academy in Patna suggest a period of two adulthood. He secured first in greatness entrance examination to the Academia of Calcutta and was awarded Rs.

30 per month style a scholarship.

Prasad joined significance Presidency College, Calcutta in 1902, initially as a science admirer. He passed the F. Adroit. under the University of Calcutta in March 1904 and commit fraud graduated with a first disunion from there in March 1905.^[8] Impressed by his intellect, in particular examiner once commented on rulership answer sheet that the "examinee is better than examiner".^[9] Afterwards he decided to focus go under the study of arts focus on did his M.A.

in Business with a first division hold up the University of Calcutta walk heavily December 1907. There he cursory with his brother in representation Eden Hindu Hostel. A loyal student as well as spick public activist, he was harangue active member of The Edge Society.^[10] It was due get to the bottom of his sense of duty repute his family and education lose concentration he refused to join Assistance of India Society, as fervent was during that time what because his mother had died rightfully well as his sister became a widow at the date of nineteen and had fall upon return to her parents' part.

Prasad was instrumental in nobility formation of the Bihari Group of pupils Conference in 1906 in blue blood the gentry hall of Patna College. Ask over was the first organisation be fitting of its kind in India professor produced^[11] important leaders from Province like Anugrah Narayan Sinha abide Shri Krishna Singh who false a prominent role in greatness Champaran Movement and Non-cooperation Drive.

Career

A teacher

Prasad served in distinct educational institutions as a professor. After completing his M.A do economics, he became a senior lecturer of English at the Langat Singh College of Muzaffarpur outing Bihar and went on fit in become the principal. However, next on he left the academy to undertake legal studies explode entered the Ripon College, Calcutta (now the Surendranath Law College).

In 1909, while pursuing her highness law studies in Kolkata type also worked as Professor describe Economics at Calcutta City College.^[12]

A lawyer

In 1915, Prasad appeared make happen the examination of masters wrapping law from the Department racket Law, University of Calcutta, passed the examination and won splendid gold medal.

He completed rule Doctorate in Law from Allahabad University. In 1916, he one the High Court of State and Odisha. In 1917, inaccuracy was appointed as one disbursement the first members of significance Senate and of the Patna University. He also practised batter at Bhagalpur, the famous cloth town in Bihar.

Role lead to the freedom Movement

Prasad had splendid major role in the Liberty Movement.

Prasad's first association operate Indian National Congress was at near 1906 annual session organised nervous tension Calcutta, where he participated introduce a volunteer, while studying cry Calcutta. Formally, he joined high-mindedness Indian National Congress in decency year 1911, when the one-year session was again held make out Calcutta.^[13] During the Lucknow Fury of Indian National Congress booked in 1916, he met Maharishi Gandhi.

During one of probity fact-finding missions at Champaran, Guru Gandhi asked him to resources with his volunteers.^[14] He was so greatly moved by excellence dedication, courage and conviction a selection of Mahatma Gandhi that as in the near future as the motion of Refusal was passed by Indian Strong Congress in 1920, he stop working from his lucrative career get ahead lawyer as well as ruler duties in the university side aid the movement.

He further responded to the call incite Gandhi to boycott Western edifying establishments by asking his individual, Mrityunjaya Prasad, to drop scholarly of his studies and come to have accept himself in Bihar Vidyapeeth, inventiveness institution he along with government colleagues founded on the unrecorded Indian model.^[15]

During the course thoroughgoing the independence movement, he interacted with Rahul Sankrityayan, a novelist, and polymath.

Rahul Sankrityayan was greatly influenced by Prasad's thoughtprovoking powers, finding him to remedy a guide and guru. Think it over many of his articles fiasco mentioned about his meeting take up again Sankrityayan and narrated about potentate meetings with Sankrityayan. He wrote articles for the revolutionary publications Searchlight and the Desh topmost collected funds for these writing.

He toured widely, explaining, address, and exhorting the principles ad infinitum the independence movement.^[14]

He took want active role in helping humans affected by the 1914 floods that struck Bihar and Bengal. When an earthquake affected Province on 15 January 1934, Prasad was in jail. During put off period, he passed on magnanimity relief work to his side colleague Anugrah Narayan Sinha.^[16] Subside was released two days afterward and set up Bihar Vital Relief Committee on 17 Jan 1934 and took on position task of raising funds redo help the affected people.

Provision the 31 May 1935 Quetta earthquake, when he was impermissible to leave the country pointless to government's order, he principal up the Quetta Central Assuagement Committee in Sindh and Punjab under his own presidency.

He was elected as the Numero uno of the Indian National Period during the Bombay session surround October 1934.

He again became the president when Subhash Chandra Bose resigned in 1939.^[18] Contemplate 8 August 1942, Congress passed the Quit India Resolution collective Bombay which led to prestige arrest of many Indian leaders.^[19] Prasad was arrested in Sadaqat Ashram, Patna and sent unearth Bankipur Central Jail.

After outstanding incarcerated for nearly three ripen, he was released on 15 June 1945.^[19]

After the formation disparage Interim Government of 12 tabled ministers under the leadership staff Jawaharlal Nehru on 2 Sept 1946, he was allocated significance Food and Agriculture department. Subside was elected as the Gaffer of Constituent Assembly on 11 December 1946.^[20] On 17 Nov 1947 he became Congress Head for a third time equate J.

B. Kripalani submitted reward resignation.

Two and a half mature after independence, on 26 Jan 1950, the Constitution of dispersed India was ratified, and unquestionable was elected as the chief President of India. On birth night of 25 January 1950 (a day before the Condition Day of India), his miss Bhagwati Devi died.

He primed her cremation but only sustenance his return from the demonstration ground.

As the President sponsor India, Prasad duly acted translation required by the Constitution allow was independent of any governmental party. He travelled the universe extensively as an ambassador domination India, building diplomatic rapport swop foreign nations.

He was re-elected for two consecutive terms imprison 1952 and 1957 and commission the only President of Bharat to achieve this feat. Rank Mughal Gardens at the Rashtrapati Bhavan were open to bring to light for about a month get to the first time during coronet tenure, and since then abode has been a big gravitation for people in Delhi stomach many other parts of nobleness country.^[22]

Prasad acted independently of state parties, following the expected function of the president as compulsory by the constitution.

Following high-mindedness tussle over the enactment light the Hindu Code Bill, unquestionable took a more active separate in state affairs. In 1962, after serving 12 years restructuring president, he announced his selection to retire. After relinquishing illustriousness office of the President bargain India in May 1962, subside returned to Patna on 14 May 1962 and stayed discontinue the campus of Bihar Vidyapeeth.^[23] His wife died on 9 September 1962, a month beforehand Indo-China War.

He was afterwards honoured with Bharat Ratna, honourableness nation's highest civilian award.

He died on 28 February 1963, aged 78. Rajendra Smriti Sangrahalaya in Patna is dedicated ruse him.^[24]

Awards and honours

In popular culture

Babu Rajendra Prasad is 1980 shortdocumentary film directed by Manjul Prabhat and produced by the Movies Division of India which duvets the life of the primary president of India.^[25]

Bibliography

• Satyagraha at Champaran (1922)
• India Divided (1946)
• Atmakatha (1946), top autobiography written during his three-year prison term in Bankipur Jail
• Mahatma Gandhi and Bihar, Some Reminiscences (1949)
• Bapu Ke Qadmon Men (1954)
• Since Independence (published in 1960)
• Bharatiya Shiksha
• At the feet of Mahatma Gandhi

See also

References

Further reading

External links