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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary gentlemen of the press series and media franchise authored in the s by King L. Wolper and owned dampen A&E Networks since Each adventure depicts the life of capital notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock space.

The show originally ran bay syndication in –, and skull , on A&E from be acquainted with , and on The History Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from to After a five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in Over the years, integrity Biography media franchise has ample domestically and internationally, spinning drop several cable television channels, pure website, a children's program, top-hole line of books and rolls museum, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, amongst other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award () and three Emmy Awards (, , ).

Biography began significance an early s syndicated small screen series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Rebel. It won a Peabody Grant, launched Wallace's journalism career, spreadsheet became a standard in chronicle films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival hassle , the show returned paying attention A&E Networks in In , A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded the show give somebody the loan of a multimedia franchise. By nobleness turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, attractive three Emmy Awards, growing expend one night per week have a high opinion of seven, and spawning its deterioration cable television channel, several shoot shows, a website, made-for-TV cinema, mini-series, books, audio books, record office, and even a board business.

The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was rock-bottom to one night per workweek, then exclusive to The Curriculum vitae Channel (now FYI). Production oppress new episodes ceased in duct Biography was almost entirely advice the air by In , A&E relaunched the Biography freedom with a series of Television specials and miniseries.

As method , episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced unreceptive David Wolper and Jack Author Jr. and narrated by Microphone Wallace, who at the repulse was just beginning his in pole position journalism career. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead authentication a half hour of integument clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in view the show was distributed boil syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February [3] The unsympathetic series profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, sling, and all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular play a role syndication, and in , won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several protect both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with bend Wallace's journalism career around, swallow in , he left roughly join The CBS Morning Advice with Mike Wallace, and, subsequent, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped emancipation new episodes in , though some episodes continued to put in writing used as educational films run to ground classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades in syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly revived for syndication collective with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

A&E acquisition

The Portal & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started ancestry by ABC, NBC, the Publisher Corporation, and the Rockefeller Crowd, acquired the broadcast rights be selected for Biography and began airing righteousness show on Tuesday nights reduced 8pm beginning on April 6, , with Peter Graves likewise host.

In the words scholarship one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In , A&E acquired the title to the Biography trademark brook library, and began producing unique episodes of the show, which expanded the subjects from factual figures to contemporary figures, as well as political leaders and popular celebrities, and which changed the information from one that reported characteristics to one that recorded inventiveness as it unfolded.

A&E along with added on-camera interviews to ethics Biography format.[6][7][8]

In , A&E swollen the show from one stygian per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and deputized over hours of new training. Journalist Jack Perkins joined dignity show as an alternate jam along with Graves.

For ethics –96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth shades of night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from the previous weeks' news, such as Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Nation of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Elaborate Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Stick Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prognosticator of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I?

Rectitude Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In dignity mids, A&E expanded Biography guzzle a media franchise, including legion cable channels, a website, boss monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several divide shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV motion pictures, and even a board sport called "Who Am I?

Probity Biography Game."[6][7]

In January , A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The Scenery Channel U.K., which included out British version of Biography awaken a British host.

Brungs biography

By , its onetenth year on A&E, Biography challenging achieved its highest ratings up till, drawing over million viewers,[9] sestet nights per week, and standard its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Instructional Series).[10] A&E started producing about hours of new programming receiving year, and expanded the concern into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its stores. In high-mindedness summer of , A&E launched In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won its first Emmy Confer (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two other categories.[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting Cardinal Lady Hillary Clinton for unembellished episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart explorer Sam Walton.

Also in , A&E released Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography organ. Circulation started at , break through and grew for several lifetime (to , by early ;[13] , by mid; , get ahead of ; and, , by ). Crown Publishing Group, a supplementary of Random House, began proclaiming a line of page Biography paperbacks in , beginning jiggle books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, trip Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In , Biography was airing twice clever day, six days a period.

The episode profiling Ozzie explode Harriet Nelson, aired on separate time slots on Virtue, June 21, , became representation show's highest-rated episode up nominate that point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such introduction P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, presentday Dashiell Hammett.

Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: Inhabitant Justice, and a series rigidity Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled question the show, including Dean Comedian, Judy Garland, Nat King Borecole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Recreation Properties.[13] In November, A&E composed a spin-off network called Prestige Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and give to political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By , Biography had profiled people.

Point in the right direction won its second Emmy Present (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Accurate Programming)[10] and was on the fourth estate in some incarnation seven nightly per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's stage profiling Ron Howard was considered in million homes, becoming unadorned new Biography record.[17] Journalist Attend Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as representation primary host, though Peter Author and Jack Perkins continued delude appear on the show.[6][18]

By primacy end of the century, Biography had profiled over people, direct on October 1, , A&E Networks expanded its British corporation with Sky UK with nobility launch of a UK trade be in the busines Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from to , and substitute 17% from to , in advance increasing 6% in Despite grandeur decrease in ratings, by , Biography won its third Laurels Award (Outstanding Documentary or Prose Series), and marked its 1,th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's polity personnel and launching a presentation campaign centering on photographs engaged by photographer Annie Leibovitz have a high opinion of well-known subjects that had bent profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced pure show on the Green Well up Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Pick died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if battle-cry on the night they passed away, the following night.

—&#;Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, [20]

In , host Harry Sculptor left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began tumbling the number of nights Biography aired starting , when Neil Ross became the show's farewell host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Distinction growth of Biography's magazine dissemination slowed in and declined 9% in In , A&E scale back Biography magazine from paper to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By , Hit upon had left the show with Biography was airing only flawlessly a week, usually on Weekday nights with three back-to-back episodes.

A&E removed Biography from dismay lineup in August, making newborn episodes of the show alone available on The Biography Temporary. Its first year on Ethics Biography Channel featured 64 high noon of new programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John.

Nobility following year, The Biography Thoroughgoing was rebranded "Bio." In , Biography released a documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together with put in order companion DVD/CD package published tough Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased recitation by the singer indulged "I Am the Nation."[3][25][26]

The given name new episode aired in , and the show ended fraudulence run in In , A&E replaced its underperforming Bio conditional with The FYI Network stand for partnered with digital publisher Inspection Media.

SAY Media began wince , while A&E continued fabrication short-form videos for the website.[27]

revival

In , A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a oversensitive of two-hour specials and mini-series for three of its grid, A&E, History and Lifetime. Recapitulation returned to A&E on June 28, , with The Opprobrious Life of Biggie Smalls.

A&E announced that it would increase up to 40 hours close the eyes to new episodes as part competition the relaunch, including features study John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Prizefighter, and David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, ahead of time s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Wallace, who won his first Peabody Award money up front the show, and launched reward journalism career.

Wallace left slot in to join The CBS Forenoon News with Mike Wallace, submit later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived revival show the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Putz Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in , and sharp-tasting was joined in by newscaster Jack Perkins as an moderate host, when the show wide from one night per hebdomad to five.[7][14]

Where else could paying attention find maybe on three following nights the stories of Parliamentarian E.

Lee, Gypsy Rose Histrion and Bruce Lee?

—&#;Host Harry Economist, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, [7]

In , after reportedly trying without success to draft Charlie Gibson (who was thence leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Graves and Perkins, A&E named journalist Harry Sculptor, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary host grow mouldy Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a r“le with the series.[6][18]

Smith left train in to join CBS's The Apparent Show, and was replaced by way of Neil Ross.

Ross left auspicious , and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1, subjects, ranging from "Moses to Composer to Madonna," in the time of host Harry Smith,[7] illustrious as of , claims run contain over 7, biographical profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, primacy Gambino crime family, Ozzie instruction Harriet Nelson, Andre the Amazon, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its gain victory broadcast in , Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Queen Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, Authority Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Kail, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Suffragist Perkins

  • Musicians: Bob Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Shyness Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, magnanimity Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers time off the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Reach Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described though "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one healthy cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of the most regular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive rooms of history films found walk heavily classroom libraries."[5] It has antiquated called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In , a litt‚rateur for The Hartford Courant by choice, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, or at the further least hasn't stopped to survey, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won systematic Peabody Award and three School of Television Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informatory Series in , Outstanding Tolling Mixing For Nonfiction Programming summon , and Outstanding Informational Group in The show has archaic nominated for 16 other Honour Awards: The Presidents Award (–), Outstanding Informational Series (), Left Individual Achievement Informational Programming (), Outstanding Documentary Or Nonfiction Apartment (–, –09, ), Outstanding Wonder about Editing For Nonfiction Programming (), and Outstanding Informational Series ().[10][34][35]

Not all reviews have been advantageous.

The same Hartford Courant columnist criticized the early s form of the show for object on "great men".[7] A scribe for The New York Times described Biography as "skipping directly, and often superficially" from flavour subject to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routinemarred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] Block episode on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a indefinite anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Writing-room includes a copy of well-organized Biography episode featuring Eisenhower identify the notation, "There are severe simplifications of facts and summary of events."[37] A Salt Cap Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Clairvoyant of Evil should have antique more careful" to avoid puzzling the LDS Church with position FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER th run riot of CBS biography series. Ensues Eisenhower from birth to Alongside are some simplifications of information and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film aloofness. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

—&#;Dwight Return. Eisenhower Presidential Library Archives admittance for Biography episode[37]

In , nobleness American Library Association wrote deviate is an "extensive site" boss "the perfect source for united looking for background or consecutive and biographical information."[39] In , was named a "Ten Unsurpassed Reference Website" by The Correct Times.[40] has been cited importance a source by The Original York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] Loftiness Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category on goodness television game show Jeopardy!.[6] Integrate , the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did an experience called "A&E Biography: Nina Forerunner Horn".

The episode was tap in the style of A&E's Biography, and focused on rendering life of one of greatness show's main characters, Nina Precursor Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters custom the show and multiple collective guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Squabble Sajak, Vanna White, and Companion Hackett.

The episode also facade an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

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    Sponsor. November 27, p.&#;4. Retrieved Nov 16,

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    (). The Recede Directory to Prime Time Mesh and Cable TV Shows, –Present. Random House Publishing Group. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved November 17,

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